Documents and publications

This report presents updated findings from WFP’s Return on Investment (ROI) for Preparedness study, demonstrating the value of pre-shock investments in strengthening emergency response.

The aim was to assess whether there is an inequality in the distribution of populations living in areas at flood risk in each IMD decile, nationally in England and within subsamples

This essay explores a novel approach to reducing the impacts of extreme weather through small, strategically timed atmospheric interventions guided by advanced forecasting.

This study explores how surface water flood risk affects developers’ financial exposure during construction and sales, and whether cost-effective property-level resilience measures can reduce these impacts across different housing development scenarios.

This paper outlines commonalities across domains & a phased roadmap (governance, platform, operations, scaling), with KPIs & measures e.g legal mandates, integration units, CAP interoperability, blended finance & PPPs to embed early warning in eGovernance

This report reveals that extreme heat is emerging as one of the most underestimated threats to economic development worldwide, hammering city economies, overwhelming health systems, and falling hardest on women working on the frontlines of a hotter world.

This handbook provides guidance for designing and implementing technical assistance on macroeconomic modelling to support climate resilient economic development in partner countries.

This report draws on best practice from across the anticipatory action community and beyond to identify how systems and practices can be strengthened to remain effective as risks change, including under climate change.

This study seeks to understand how UHI risks are perceived, prioritised, and addressed in Sri Lankan cities, identify barriers and enablers influencing local government action.

This study aims to synthesise existing knowledge on urban heat island mechanisms, patterns, and impacts; review strategies for reducing UHI and heat risks; and develop a conceptual framework to support urban heat resilience and sustainable city planning.

This study investigates how disaster and emergency management professionals prioritize the factors that shape disaster risk and resilience across different contexts.

Policy paper proposing an animal-inclusive approach to the Sendai Framework by integrating animal welfare, biodiversity and sentient beings into disaster risk reduction.

The study aims to assess Delhi's increasing heat stress and looks into propose roadmap that combines year-round city-wide heat resilience measures with targeted interventions for vulnerable groups.

This scoping note examines how intensifying heat-waves threaten every link of India’s power-sector value chain and outlines a roadmap for climate-ready electricity systems.

Heat Smart Schools is a guidance framework by CDRI to help schools adapt to rising extreme heat risks. With over two billion children projected to face frequent heatwaves by 2050, the document emphasizes that heat threatens health, learning, and equity.

This report provides a global overview Heat Early Warning Systems, examining where they exist, how they are designed and operated, and their challenges and opportunities.

This strategy aims to strengthen national and county governments’ financial capacity to manage disaster risks across the DRM continuum, protect vulnerable groups, safeguard development gains, build resilience, and maintain fiscal stability.

This report explores public perceptions of the threat of climate change - perceptions that are shaped by people’s lived experience of risk in their daily lives as much as by scientific evidence.

This study investigates the asymmetric economic impacts of climate extremes on the Italian agricultural sector.

This report presents a comparative synthesis of how stakeholders in three Caribbean Small Island Developing States — Belize, Grenada, and Jamaica — value the core attributes of pre-arranged financing (PAF) for sovereign disaster risk.

This report presents the first cross-country study to use a structured simulation to elicit how policymakers in five African countries value the core attributes of pre-arranged financing (PAF) systems for disaster response.

This brief reviews the empirical evidence on the barriers women face in adapting to climate change in rural Sub-Saharan Africa. A

This policy brief presents the first cross-country study of what governments want from pre-arranged financing (PAF) — funding secured in advance to respond to disasters.

This study argues that heat research and practice have focused too narrowly on heat waves as acute, episodic emergencies, obscuring the chronic exposure of billions of people to dangerous levels of heat for months at a time.

This World Bank Development Report examines how rising climate risks are reshaping the competitiveness of firms across the Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan (MENAAP) region.

This paper provides a summary review of the collection of parametric case studies. The paper highlights key takeaways from the case studies, including how solutions are already delivering rapid liquidity after disasters, & closing critical protection gaps

This paper presents the outcomes of an initial investigation into the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems in translating high-stakes messages.

This guidance note provides a practical framework for integrating climate change adaptation into water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) programming in humanitarian settings.

This report focuses on two concrete and immediate examples of how heat- and trade-related policies in destination markets affect firms and the broader economy of the MENAAP region.

This study has investigated the deployment of takaful for farmers in flood- and drought-prone regions in Nigeria. The study used a quantitative research design with cross-sectional survey data from smallholder farmers in some climate-prone zones

This article gives insight into the implementation of European Drought Impact Database (EDID), its structure and attributes, and provides an analysis of the content.

The study examines the main impacts of the 2015/16 and 2023/24 El Niño events on drought, flooding, displacement, and the agriculture sector.

This policy paper analyses the mainstreaming of climate resilience into Mongolia's transport infrastructure before the bulk of the country's planned network is built.

The Multi-Hazard Early Warnings for All (EW4All) Roadmap for Samoa 2026–2036 outlines Samoa’s strategy for strengthening its national early warning systems to better prepare for and respond to natural hazards and climate-related disasters.

This study investigates the use of unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) techniques for rapid damage assessment during disasters.

The report offers a snapshot of how health-related Loss and Damage is reflected in national climate policy documents, examining the extent to which physical health, mental health, and health systems are integrated into climate planning and action.

This report examines how national legal frameworks and international cooperation can help prevent future zoonotic pandemics, with a particular focus on the role of wildlife trade in the emergence and spread of infectious diseases.

This study provides a global analysis of multi-hazard exposure and disparities in socio-economic vulnerabilities using data on hazard co-occurrence and population distribution for the period 2004–2017.

This solutions brief shares practical and replicable local knowledge of this approach in Nij Goddimari village in Lalmonirhat, Bangladesh, a community which faces chronic flooding and waterlogging due to its proximity to the Saniajan River.

This report provides a consolidated regional assessment, with authoritative information on key climate indicators, impacts and risks to support decision-making.

This casebook highlights the implementation of science and technology-based disaster management, featuring 24 Korean practices across four thematic areas, along with Korea's success factors and remaining challenges. It is available in English and Korean.

This report highlights a significant gap in dedicated public financing for heat resilience In India.

This paper presents a deep-learning framework that learns from existing records to produce a spatially complete 30-m flood hazard map for the contiguous US, filling unmapped regions and updating legacy extents.

This study conducted field research and theoretical calculations to gain an overall understanding of the seismic performance of these buildings.

This study develops an integrated, stochastic modeling framework to quantify three distinct agricultural flood-damage aspects—prevented planting, unharvested acreage, and yield loss—in Chariton County, Missouri.

This report reveals how children’s exposure to multiple, overlapping climate hazards, inherent physical vulnerabilities, and the gaps in the social services they rely on, undermines their rights and increases their risk of harm.

The WMO State of the Climate in Asia 2025 reports that ocean heat, which has increased since the 1990s, reached a new record.

This report explores how governments can finance heat resilience through risk-informed investments, innovative financing mechanisms, and resilient infrastructure to protect lives, livelihoods, and economies from rising extreme heat risks.

The report distils what the Alliance has learned through working directly within planning and budgeting processes in 10 countries: Bangladesh, Bolivia, Indonesia, Jordan, Kenya, Malawi, Nepal, Nigeria, the Philippines, and Vietnam.

This study evaluates the performance of forecasts in detecting hydrological drought in the period 1991–2022 using the ECMWF reanalysis ERA5 as a proxy for the observational reference.