Risk and hazard assessment and protection and rescue planning based in North Macedonia: A technical handbook

This technical handbook provides guidance for risk and hazard assessment and protection and rescue planning in North Macedonia, aligning national processes with European Union (EU) standards and good international practice. Prepared by the World Bank with support from the EU and GFDRR, the handbook analyzes North Macedonia’s legal and institutional framework, reviews current methodologies and data usage, and examines existing gaps in risk assessment and planning. It was developed through a review of national legislation, assessment methodologies, existing technical platforms, and consultation with relevant institutions at national and municipal levels.

Key findings highlight critical gaps in coordination, methodology, and data integration within North Macedonia’s disaster risk management system. Responsibilities overlap between agencies, data is fragmented, and local capacity is limited, resulting in varied quality and comparability of risk assessments and protection plans.