National Heatwave Plan to reduce heat-health risks in the Netherlands

The Netherlands has developed a netherlands heatwave health plan to systematically reduce heat-related health risks through coordinated governance and public warnings.

First launched in 2007 and activated from 2010 onward, the plan integrates meteorological alerts with clear guidance for healthcare professionals, caregivers, and vulnerable populations like the elderly, chronic patients, and children. Evaluations reveal a substantial decline in heat-related deaths—from approximately 7,000 (2000–2009) to 4,300 (2010–2019)—attributed largely to improved awareness and preventive measures. With anticipated increases in extreme heat events due to climate change, this heatwave plan serves as a forward-looking model for integrating health risk governance, early warning systems, and targeted interventions to protect population health amid rising temperatures.

In 2024–2025, the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) has conducted its first comprehensive process and outcome evaluation of the plan. The evaluation consists of four sub-studies: an epidemiological analysis of heat-related mortality; a study on the public’s understanding of the Heatwave Plan’s messaging; a scenario exercise assessing preparedness for extreme heat events; and a behavioural study (forthcoming) investigating how target groups perceive and respond to heat warnings.