Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) monsoon outlook 2025

The HKH Monsoon outlook 2025 serves as a preliminary frame of reference into the summer monsoon conditions likely to prevail in the region during June - September 2025, based on seasonal forecasts for South Asia at large. The Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) region is highly susceptible to the influence of monsoon, a periodic wind system, especially in the Indian Ocean and southern Asia. The summer monsoon, between June and September, is the major source of precipitation in the region with significant impacts on the hydrology of its rivers, which form the lifeline of nearly two billion people in the region.

With the forecasters unanimously predicting oceanic and atmospheric phenomena that usually affect (read disrupt) monsoon patterns in South Asia - such as, the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and the Madden-Jullian Oscillation (MJO) activities - to be neutral and /or weak during June-July-August 2025, the likelihood of summer monsoon precipitations is potent this year.