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Roughly 1.5 million people now live in areas that would flood with each high tide if not for protective infrastructure.
Physical defences remain essential, but the Tokyo Metropolitan Government (TMG) is now reinforcing them with digital transformation (DX). The initiative integrates new technologies into coastal protection.
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An AI-based model processes tide and weather data to forecast water-level changes up to fifteen hours ahead, supporting floodgate and pump station operations.
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The TMG's approach is also being recognised internationally. In 2025, the cityʼs AI water-level prediction system was presented at the Smart City Expo World Congress in Barcelona.
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Hazards
Flood
Country and region
Japan