Comparative analysis of the existing criteria, principles and safeguards for the implementation of nature-based solutions: Background note by IISD and GIZ

This background note analyzes two key international standards and guidelines: the IUCN Global Standard for NbS and the CBD’s Voluntary Guidelines for the Design and Effective Implementation of Ecosystem-based Approaches for Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction, comparing their principles, safeguards, and implementation requirements showing similarities, differences, and gaps, as well as the interrelationships and commonalities between the two existing international standards.

Nature-based solutions (NbS) have emerged as a crucial concept for addressing socio-economic and environmental challenges by protecting, conserving, restoring, sustainably using and managing natural and modified ecosystems. Recognized for their potential to simultaneously enhance human well-being, ecosystem services, resilience, and biodiversity, NbS are increasingly incorporated into national climate and biodiversity policies, including Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs) and National Adaptation Plans (NAPs).

Aimed at policymakers and practitioners, the background note offers insights into the holistic understanding of the available guidance on the design and implementation of NbS and ecosystem-based approaches. It also provides guidance on how to select appropriate NbS criteria, norms, standards, and guidelines for project use or for multilateral negotiations, fostering a comprehensive understanding for effective and equitable NbS implementation.