Climate action through housing and informal settlements: Analysis of NDCs and development finance flows

This report explores the extent to which housing, particularly in informal settlements, is incorporated into Nationally Determined Contributions, or NDCs (the country pledges for climate change actions), and supported by climaterelated development finance. The report finds that despite housing’s central role in shaping both vulnerability and resilience, it remains underrepresented in NDCs and in climate-related development finance.

The findings underscore a major gap: Communities most at risk to the threats of climate change, particularly those in informal settlements, remain underprioritized in both climate policy commitments and development finance. Without systematically integrating adequate and affordable housing into climate strategies, global climate action will remain incomplete and inequitable.