Human mobility under disasters: a systematic review and framework for equitable and resilient mobility governance

This study systematically reviews 946 studies about human mobility under disasters, framing mobility as simultaneously responding to external shocks and transmitting impacts. The review establishes that human mobility during crises functions as a dual-role system: it is both a response to external shocks and a transmitter of systemic, cascading impacts.

Existing disaster management frameworks, however, were primarily designed for static infrastructure and single-sector threats. Consequently, they are ill-equipped to govern the complex challenges arising from mobility’s dual role. To address this gap, the authors propose the FAIR-HEART framework, an operational model for governing the dual role of mobility that responds to recent calls for more integrated approaches to disaster risk.