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On December 29, 2020, Sisak-Moslavina County in Croatia was struck by a 6.2 magnitude earthquake with the epicenter 6 km outside the town of Petrinja. The earthquake was preceded by a 5.0 magnitude earthquake on December 28, 2020; and numerous aftershocks were recorded, including a 5.0 magnitude earthquake on January 6, 2021. The December earthquak…
On the morning of December 26, 2004, a massive earthquake, registering 9.0 on the Richter scale hit Indonesia with its epicenter in the Indian Ocean, within 150 kilometers of Aceh Province, on the northern tip of Sumatra. The earthquake was followed by a massive tsunami that devastated the human population living on the coastline of Aceh Province, and p…
This report addresses how the United States should pursue legislation and policies to ensure that the country revitalizes its critical infrastructure and manufacturing base, reduce serious offshore dependencies and attendant vulnerabilities, and build the domestic capacity to help bolster national catastrophic disaster preparedness, response, and recove…
This report presents a case study of infrastructure public-private partnership (PPP) projects in Japan under the knowledge development component. Japan is highly exposed to natural disaster risks ranging from earthquake, tsunami, cyclone, floods, and landslides to volcanic eruptions. Japan's experience in structuring resilient infrastructure PPPs offers…
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This Guide has been created to provide advice on useful strategies for implementing the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters (HFA). It represents a distillation of the wealth of experience that exists throughout the world on how to manage and reduce disaster risks. The Guide can help state…
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This book was produced to mark the end of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR), a United Nations initiative to reduce the negative effects of natural disasters. This volume communicates solutions to the problems associated with natural disasters, stimulating discussion and improvements in methods of protecting people and prop…
In the aftermath of Typhoon Haiyan in 2013, a majority of the designated evacuation centers (mostly in the form of school buildings or public gymnasiums) were severely damaged. In the drive to build back better and safer, the Philippine Disaster Resilience Foundation and its partners aimed to build safer and more structurally sound, dual‐purpose evacuat…
This report explains in detail the rationale for launching the multi-year effort to study how critical buildings performed during the 2017 Hurricane Maria, as well as how emergency communications systems worked beside the summary of progress to date. On September 20, 2017, Hurricane Maria had a devastating impact on much of Puerto Rico, damaging buildin…
Responding to the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai volcanic eruption in Tonga and following a request from the Government of Tonga, the World Bank undertook a rapid post-disaster damage assessment deploying the GRADE methodology.1 The objective was to estimate the potential direct damage2 caused by the tephra fall (henceforth referred to as ashfall) and tsunam…
This report extends the focus of the UNISDR-PwC initiative, looking specifically at the long-term opportunity for public-private sector collaboration in building or rebuilding risk-resilient infrastructure. It describes why building disaster-resilient infrastructure is critical for a region’s competitiveness, both nationally and globally. It also illust…
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This document is a post-disaster evaluation of various aspects of response to the 2005 earthquake in Pakistan including the following: evacuation of casualties, management of camps, provision of health care, collation, transport and distribution of relief goods, coordination, etc. In the report, the Federal Relief Commission aims to identify what they…
Investing in resilience - accelerating the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action in the Americas: A declaration in which the participants of the Regional platform for disaster risk reduction in the Americas acknowledge the work being developed in the region surrounding disaster risk reduction, as guided by the principles and priorities set o…
This book provides guidance, policy orientation and inspiration, as well as serving as a reference for lessons on how to reduce risk and vulnerability to hazards and to meet the challenges of tomorrow. It is intended for people who have an interest in and practice disaster risk management and sustainable development. Natural hazards can affect anyone,…
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In March 2009, flooding, caused by heavy rainfalls in the region, affected six regions in Northern Namibia (Caprivi, Kavango, Oshana, Oshikoto, Ohangwena, and Omusati). The 2009 flood is the second such event in two years, following three years of successive low-rainfall events. Flood waters surged to near record, overtopping roads and washing out local…
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This report is an assessment of damages and needs resulting from the earthquake that struck the state of Gujarat, India on January 26, 2001. The report provides a preliminary assessment of the damages, identifies the needs for reconstruction and recovery, and outlines a strategy for implementing a recovery program. India suffered a devastating earthqua…

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