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On the morning of December 26, 2004, a massive earthquake, registering 9.0 on the Richter scale hit Indonesia with its epicenter in the Indian Ocean, within 150 kilometers of Aceh Province, on the northern tip of Sumatra. The earthquake was followed by a massive tsunami that devastated the human population living on the coastline of Aceh Province, and p…
This post-disaster needs assessment provides estimates of the damages and losses, and the costs for reconstruction and recovery following the 2009 floods in Burkina Faso.  The assessment concluded that the floods caused the following negative impacts on the areas affected: the human toll was 119,356 victims, 46 deaths, 63 injured, and 1 person not…
On August 14, 2017, landslides and floods devastated a large cross-section of Freetown, Sierra Leone. An estimated 6,000 people were affected, of which 1,141 have been reported dead or missing. More than 3,000 people lost their homes. Almost every sector of the urban economy was impacted. The livelihood impacts of affected communities were widespread.…
This book identifies the challenges faced by the construction industry after a disaster, including the restoration of permanent shelter and public services such as hospitals, schools, water supply, power, communications, and environmental infrastructure. It highlights best practices to enable this industry to address those problems which make an effecti…
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This Guide has been created to provide advice on useful strategies for implementing the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters (HFA). It represents a distillation of the wealth of experience that exists throughout the world on how to manage and reduce disaster risks. The Guide can help state…
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This book was produced to mark the end of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR), a United Nations initiative to reduce the negative effects of natural disasters. This volume communicates solutions to the problems associated with natural disasters, stimulating discussion and improvements in methods of protecting people and prop…
This report explains in detail the rationale for launching the multi-year effort to study how critical buildings performed during the 2017 Hurricane Maria, as well as how emergency communications systems worked beside the summary of progress to date. On September 20, 2017, Hurricane Maria had a devastating impact on much of Puerto Rico, damaging buildin…
Haiti was heavily hit by tropical storms in late August and early September 2008. Four storms – tropical storm Fay, hurricane Gustav, hurricane Hanna and hurricane Ike – all produced heavy winds and rain in Haiti. The combined effect of wind and flooding caused the destruction of not only many infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and power lines but a…
The two consecutive earthquakes that hit the provinces of West Sumatra and Jambi on 30 September and 1 October caused widespread damage across the provinces killing over 1,100 people, destroying livelihoods and disrupting economic activity and social conditions. Resulting landslides left scores of houses and villages buried, whilst disrupting power and…
A comprehensive study of Red Cross Red Crescent Societies tsunami operation, June 2012: This study documents IFRC’s response and recovery operation in the aftermath of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Over 4.8 million people benefited from a wide range of Red Cross Red Crescent support that included reconstruction of physical infrastructure such as homes…
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The findings of the post disaster needs assessment captured in this report present a consolidated view of damage, loss and recovery needs estimates, based on information received from various line departments and the expertise of a multi institutional and interdisciplinary assessment team. The PDNA report provides baseline data, describes the damages an…
This guide outlines ways in which adverse environmental impacts can be avoided after disasters, and good practices can be promoted. It covers sectors including settlements and land use planning; building construction; waste management; energy; infrastructure; water, sanitation and hygiene; agriculture and livelihoods; and education. It highlights the im…
This report will details recovery efforts that state government made in the 12-24 month period after Hurricane Katrina. A summary of the work of the federal government, local governments, nonprofit entities and the private sector are also included. The accomplishments and assessments of the following areas will be described in this report: housing, publ…
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This document is a post-disaster evaluation of various aspects of response to the 2005 earthquake in Pakistan including the following: evacuation of casualties, management of camps, provision of health care, collation, transport and distribution of relief goods, coordination, etc. In the report, the Federal Relief Commission aims to identify what they…
Investing in resilience - accelerating the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action in the Americas: A declaration in which the participants of the Regional platform for disaster risk reduction in the Americas acknowledge the work being developed in the region surrounding disaster risk reduction, as guided by the principles and priorities set o…

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