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On August 17, 1999 an earthquake measuring 7.4 on the Richter scale at 3:00 am devastated the Marmara region of Turkey. Over 15,000 lives have been lost and there is extensive damage to Turkey's industrial heartland. As the region digs out of the rubble, it is clear that a major reconstruction effort and recovery plan is needed. International support fo…
ERRA’s health policy delineates guiding principles, guidelines and strategy for reconstruction in the earthquake-affected districts. The health component of Government’s ‘Build Back Better’ policy is based on the Humanitarian charter for minimum standards for health care, including the right to ‘health for all’ and respect of the dignity of the populati…
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This book is the latest in a series of volumes addressing natural disasters, and how their impact can be reduced by effective capacity building and prevention strategies. A fully illustrated, 200-page book, Risk Wise offers perspectives, case studies and analysis on disaster risk reduction and mitigation in light of the increasing threat of natural dis…
The earthquake which occurred in the north-western part of the Republic of Turkey on August 17, 1999 (magnitude: 7.8) was a major disaster, claiming over 17,000 lives and leaving approximately 32,000 injured in and around Izmit in the Marmara region (as of November 1999; figures issued by the Government of Turkey). This report provides tables with data…
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The Federal Government helps states and localities to prepare for disasters by providing financial and technical assistance for emergency planning and training, conducting exercises of and building and maintaining an emergency management infrastructure. In a catastrophic or major disaster incident, the array of programs described in this guide may be ac…
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This detailed report analyzes El Salvador overall situation before the 2001 earthquake and assesses the effects of the disaster, specifically for the health services and for the salubrity of the environment. It also considers the management of the response and the main features of the recovery process, providing a list of lessons learned.
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Oxfam briefing note: This report details what needs to be done to prevent further deaths following the Pakistan earthquake and to enable survivors to rebuild their lives and livelihoods. As the relief operation is achieving results, this document addresses tried and tested strategies for reconstruction, which can ensure that peoples’ rights and needs…
This report is based on research into the gender dimensions of humanitarian interventions in post-conflict settings from a peacebuilding perspective, using the 2015 earthquakes in Nepal as a case study from which lessons can be drawn for other contexts. It identifies the risks posed by gender-blind humanitarian programming, the need to understand the mu…
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This document provides a review of Japan’s Program for Earthquake-Resistant School Buildings. Japan’s ongoing efforts to mitigate earthquake risk and improve the seismic safety of schools involve learning from the experience of earthquakes, advancing engineering knowledge and technology, accumulating data, and exercising the political will to…
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This report describes and assesses the experience of Ofunato, Japan, which was devastated by the 2011 Great Eastern Japan Earthquake. With facilitation by the NGO Ibasho, elders and other community members planned and built the Ibasho Café, which now acts as a hub that is restoring the fabric of a community still badly damaged b…
This article addresses the sustainability implications of post-disaster measures in the context of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami by presenting an analysis of the current situations and changes in some of the affected regions. Sustainability implications of measures are captured by investigating the persistence of the social and economic living condition…
This Methodology Note was prepared to inform governments and other key stakeholders who are involved in post-disaster damage assessment, relief, and recovery phases about the utility and outputs of the GRADE approach. To prioritize and plan for overall reconstruction and specific interventions, stakeholders require approaches that provide a more in…
This paper highlights how governments and other actors can prepare for the governance challenges of disaster response, recovery, and reconstruction. It identifies two sets of enabling factors need to be in place before disaster events occur to help avoid operational pitfalls: structures and plans, including financing mechanisms and clear roles and…
This paper measures the longer-term effect of a major earthquake on the local economy, using night-time light intensity measured from space, and investigate whether insurance claim payments for damaged residential property affected the local recovery process. It focuses on the destructive Canterbury Earthquake Sequence (CES) 2010-2011 in New Zealan…
This paper demonstrates the result of data analytics undertaken on the massive building damage survey data collected by the Government of Nepal after the 2015 Gorkha earthquakes. The data of more than 1 million buildings contained geo-coded information of building characteristics such as typology, damage to structural elements and overall damage level.…

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