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This paper is part of a series highlighting the World Bank's achievements in disaster risk management initiatives. It presents the analytical support provided by the World Bank in close collaboration with the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) on the basis of the Government-led Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) following the…
Puerto Rico has a wealth of cultural, historical, and artistic resources that are integral to its cultural identity and sense of place, to tourism, to the arts industry, and to the economy. In September 2017, many of those resources were devastated in Hurricanes Irma and Maria. In this report, the authors present an overview of Puerto Rico's cultural re…
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On Saturday February 20, 2016, Tropical Cyclone (TC) Winston, an extremely destructive Category 5 cyclone, struck Fiji. TC Winston was the first Category 5 cyclone to directly impact Fiji and the most intense cyclone on record to affect the country. Fiji’s Eastern Division was the first to be struck, with Koro, Ovalau and Taveuni Islands sustaining seve…
This report represents the review of the state of knowledge on the performance of natural and nature-based infrastructure as compiled from existing literature and participant input obtained during an expert workshop. It provides an accessible summary of the most current state of understanding of the risk reduction performance of natural infrastructure.…
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Nakamals, nakamal, an indigenous architecture form used by the traditional chiefs for meetings related to governance, decision making, and teaching in Vanuatu.nakamal, play a significant role in the maintenance of kastom in Vanuatu. They also have an important functional role in Disaster Risk Reduction in rural areas. They are anecdotally known to have…
Heritage at risk: special edition, 2007This special volume deals exclusively with disasters, a subject of particular relevance in view of the threat to cultural heritage by global climate change. This publication is the outcome of the conference 'Cultural Heritage and Natural Disasters — Risk Preparedness and the Limits of Prevention'. It contains the c…
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This brochure presents the role of UNESCO in disaster preparedness and mitigation. The Organization is closely involved in the conceptual shift in thinking away from post-disaster reaction to pre-disaster action. It addresses the education as the main role to reduce the negative consequences of all kinds of hazards, while highlighting UNECO's role in di…
Natural resources influence every aspect of life in Puerto Rico. Natural resources and parks are important to public health and well-being and to the economy. They are so integrated into daily life that their criticality to the functioning of society is not always apparent. Puerto Rico's coastal resources, forests, and species are rich in biodiversity…
This report discusses losses from natural hazards are escalating dramatically, with more properties and critical infrastructure affected each year. Although the magnitude, intensity and/or frequency of certain hazards has increased, development contributes to this unsustainable trend, as disasters emerge when natural disturbances meet vulnerable assets…
This document presents the experience of New Orleans in building city resilience through cultural heritage in response to the effects of Hurricane Katrina and the devastating consequences on the lives of the city residents.The document provides an overview of the various resilience planning frameworks and explores their connections to cultural heritage…
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This document is an outcome of the 2010 course "First aid to cultural heritage in time of conflict", which aimed to create a framework to secure cultural heritage in such times. Part 3 of the document includes lessons learned from experiences with natural disasters. It presents: (i) the case of the earthquake in the Syrian Kodar village in 2005 as a cul…
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The calamitous consequences of 2017 Hurricane Maria for the Caribbean island of Dominica highlighted the acute and increasing susceptibility of the region to disasters. Despite increasing international attention to disaster risk reduction, recovery from hazard events can be especially lengthy and difficult for small island developing states. This articl…
This issue of the Observer focuses on cultural heritage, how it can be protected, and what can be learned from past cultures in terms of resilience, adaptation and mitigation. More specifically, this issue’s articles show that to protect museums, libraries, cemeteries, temples, and other places of cultural significance, one must look at and learn from t…
Tropical Storm 03B hit Yemen on October 24, 2008. The storm led to severe rain and flooding over the eastern Governorates of Yemen—Hadramout and Al-Mahara—for about 30 hours, resulting in total rainfall of almost 91 mm (versus 5-6 mm in normal periods). As of October 31, 2008, 73 persons were reported to have lost their lives as a result of the floods,…
This study aims to identify and document local indigenous knowledge related to disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation in Papua New Guinea (PNG). It presents a collection of indigenous practices that were developed over time by communities in PNG, in response to a variety of hazards including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, cyclones, floo…

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