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… Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano in January created an initial wave 90 metres high – almost the height of the Statue of … comparable earthquake detection tools The initial tsunami wave created by the eruption of the underwater Hunga Tonga … meant tsunami warning centres did not detect the initial wave as they are programmed to detect tsunamis based on water …
… worsen disasters wrought by tsunamis, storm surges, and heat waves, experts say. [...] Tonga reported that waves of … damage from tsunamis  and storm surges doesn't stop at wave destruction. Sea water that washes ashore can taint … worsen disasters wrought by tsunamis, storm surges, and heat waves, experts say. [...] Tonga reported that waves of …
… a travel time of 2.75 hours. Meanwhile, the air pressure wave resulting from the volcanic explosion was recorded in … pressure readings in Figure 3 indicate that the acoustic wave arrived in Mayaguez just before the tsunami, suggesting that the acoustic wave acted as a local source generating a tsunami within the …
… exploded into the atmosphere, and the accompanying shock wave, tsunamis and isolation of the people of Tonga as their … 35 kilometers (22 miles) into the air, sending a shock wave around the world — several times. Its sound was heard … many different types of waves, aside from the shock wave. Ground motion sensors picked up seismic waves produced …
Disaster learnings

Tonga: Volcanic eruption and tsunami 2022

… state of Tonga. The volcano created a powerful shock wave and displaced huge amounts of water, triggering a … state of Tonga. The volcano created a powerful shock wave and displaced huge amounts of water, triggering a …
… non-linear interactions of the then propagating acoustic wave with the near-surface scoria deposits, triggering … with accuracy, standard volcano-seismology analysis, wave and strain propagation modelling tools, and techniques such as wave-field separation and reconstruction were applied. …
… from Mount Pinatubo in 1991 – and generated a shock wave that was  heard in New Zealand  and detected  as far … For submarine volcanoes, these are harder to spot. The heat signatures of submarine volcanoes will only ever be … For submarine volcanoes, these are harder to spot. The heat signatures of submarine volcanoes will only ever be …
… fatalities. The volcano in Tonga created a powerful shock wave and displaced huge amounts of water, triggering a … the explosive eruption. It captured an abrupt shock wave that propagated radially outward in all directions. The … fatalities. The volcano in Tonga created a powerful shock wave and displaced huge amounts of water, triggering a …
… ash contaminated water in rainwater tanks and the tsunami wave salinised the groundwater resources, with dire … rise, they will  lose their groundwater resources  to wave-driven flooding and salinisation. To cope,  communities … ash contaminated water in rainwater tanks and the tsunami wave salinised the groundwater resources, with dire …
… This was closely followed by at least 13 separate shock-wave-type booms around the archipelago that coincided with … This was closely followed by at least 13 separate shock-wave-type booms around the archipelago that coincided with …
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… flood 4. tropical cyclone 5. water scarcity 6. extreme heat 7. wildfire 8. earthquake 9. landslide 10. tsunami 11. … 38 Extreme Heat Hazard Levels (new in version 2) … for tsunami in Indonesia. Red zones show regions were wave height exceeds both elevation and the threshold on the …
… models [40,41], a model able to simulate tsunami triggers, wave propagation, run-up, and inundation on the island. These … terrain level, resulting from the difference between the wave height derived from the results of simulations and the … 30 m resolution to make it equivalent to the model-derived wave height maps. 3. Materials and methods 3.1. Creating a …
… tsunami would have traveled, with on shore wave amplitudes significantly higher than would be expected … to an earthquake-generated tsunami9. A 1.2 m high tsunami wave was observed at Tonga’s capital Nuku’alofa on Tongatapu … broken the surface and afterwards was eroded away by wave action. It is south of Late Island and southwest of …
… overall mortality vary. Focusing exclusively on the first wave of the pandemic (AD 541–544), Muehlhauser (2017) …
… following the flow of a valley or river. Apart from the heat that can burn anything in its path, its mass also has …

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