Risk identification and assessment

Running a global glacier model at daily rather than monthly resolution across more than 12,500 glaciers reproduces observed mass loss better and projects a 5 to 10 per cent larger glacier contribution to 21st-century sea-level rise.

This study presents an image-based framework for rapid seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry façades using computer vision, photogrammetry, and semantic segmentation to automate 3D modeling and vulnerability analysis from multi-view RGB images.

This study presents seismic hazard maps for Finland, northern Europe, based on the earthquake catalog FENCAT updated until the end of 2021 and a 2025 three-level hierarchical zoning model.

This study used observed precipitation and QDM-corrected CMIP6 simulations to examine future meteorological drought in Brazil, across 82 hydrographic microregions under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5.

This Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) shows that ambitious climate action can protect people and livelihoods while unlocking new engines of inclusive growth.

The platform combines NASA fire observations with official reports where available. Users can follow locations through email alerts, explore background articles and contribute photographs or videos for review before publication.

As El Niño-driven drought and extreme weather threaten Pacific Island communities, Hawai‘i and Samoa partner on a disaster preparedness assessment to share knowledge and strengthen risk reduction, emergency readiness and resilience across the region.

California’s Fifth Climate Change Assessment summarizes climate projections, hazards and vulnerabilities across the state, highlighting increasing risks and adaptation approaches for California’s natural, built and social systems.

This report examines the risks facing the coastal areas of Asia and the Pacific and details how building resilience can protect development and unlock new opportunities.

A crack appears beside a window after weeks of scorching weather. As much as you might hope the ground beneath your house will recover with the first rain, the effects of a dry summer can continue long after temperatures fall.

This study presents a systematic review of 2171 publications spanning 1964–2025, combining a global perspective with a regional focus on the Gulf of Guinea, a critically underrepresented region within the African continent.

This paper consolidates 58,319 outbreak event records for 32 diseases and systematically test how 16 hypothesized social and environmental drivers impact outbreak geographies, while accounting for detection and reporting biases.

This paper describes how to use the Integrated system for Natural Capital Accounts to measure and account for ecosystem vulnerability, which constitutes the first component of nature-related risk.

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) researchers are developing three-dimensional simulations to examine how a nuclear device could be used to deflect or potentially disrupt an asteroid threatening Earth.

2025 landslide-triggered mega-tsunami in Alaska shows growing risks as glaciers melt. Scientists propose a progressive alert system using weather, glacier changes and seismic activity to warn communities and vessels of potential landslides and tsunamis.

While Nepal has invested significantly in GLOF monitoring, the August flood has highlighted the need to broaden this effort through earth observation, wider hazard monitoring, risk communication and transboundary data-sharing to identify evolving risks

This Disaster Management Reference Handbook provides a comprehensive profile of Vanuatu’s national DM structure, policies, plans, and institutions, as well as background information on the country, its natural hazards.

This study applies an a priori scaffold of eight institutionalisation pathways and a cross-cutting coordination pathway to develop an institutionalisation-deficit framework.

This study aims to develop a risk-based model for assessing fire hazards in highway bridges, intended as a practical decision-support tool for infrastructure managers to identify critical scenarios and prioritise mitigation strategies.

This study identifies recurrent hotspot zones of projected heat and dry-spell persistence across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA).

New Zealand is set to see a future of more frequent and extreme droughts, heatwaves and fires, along with bigger floods.

A 20-year study found that global exposure to wildfires and heat waves occurring on the same days rose by 287 million from 2000 to 2019, with over half the world’s population experiencing these combined events.

This study investigates the development and evaluation of immersive geospatial learning materials for flood disaster education, integrating GIS, Augmented Reality (AR), spatial literacy, higher-order thinking skills, and ecopedagogical perspectives.

This article assesses how definitions affect detected changes in compound climate extremes in Europe, finding that event frequency, intensity, and trends are sensitive to metric choice and recommends careful selection of event definitions for monitoring.

This study applies a grid-based, explainable machine learning framework to Jeju Island and finds that rainfall, groundwater, and proximity to water bodies are key, regionally variable factors for flood occurrence, supporting nuanced flood risk management.

Alaska scientists have launched an interactive tsunami map covering 66 coastal communities, highlighting flood risks and preparedness gaps to help local leaders strengthen evacuation planning and protect lives.

As cities continue to sink, we need to examine these changes at the local scale. Averages across a whole city can tell us how big the problem is, but knowing where the land is sinking fastest – and who lives there – is essential to deciding for response.

New modelling suggests the tropical Pacific could stay in an El Niño-like state for centuries even after net zero is reached, with a larger share of El Niño events turning extreme. The longer emissions take to fall, the more of them.

This study presents a spatial network optimization approach to model extreme drought impacts on Sweden’s food supply chain, revealing that supply losses in the south translate to unmet demand in the north and highlighting new bottlenecks in distribution.

A study of doctors’ experiences during the 2023 Türkiye earthquakes highlights gaps in disaster preparedness and calls for practical training, psychological support and policies that recognize healthcare workers may also be disaster survivors.

This report examines the conditions, decisions, actions, and systems that influenced Southern California Fires and community conflagration outcomes before and during the fires.

A study of 465 cities across 107 countries reveals global land subsidence trends from 2014 to 2023, identifying hotspots including Mexico City and several Asian cities. The findings highlight the need for continued monitoring and targeted action.

WMO’s Global Seasonal Climate Update forecasts the Niño 3.4 anomaly reaching about +3.7°C in October–December, the highest since observations began, with a near-100 per cent likelihood that El Niño persists through February 2027.

This second report focuses on the everyday risks that touch the most lives, examining changes in reported levels of harm from sources such as road traffic to drinking water. The Poll is based on more than 143,000 interviews in 140 countries & territories

A powerful El Niño is developing in the tropical Pacific and is expected to influence global temperature and precipitation through 2027. Climate Central sets out how its warming effect compares with human-caused climate change.

This study develops a multidimensional climate vulnerability index for Odisha’s 30 districts, finding marked regional disparities driven by environmental and physical factors, and recommends targeted, domain-specific adaptation strategies for DRR.

Study finds built-up areas potentially exposed to flooding in Nepal and neighbouring river catchments grew by 46% between 2016 and 2023. Rising exposure in valleys highlights the need to integrate disaster risk into land-use and infrastructure planning.

An international study reveals that the unprecedented heat stress of 2023–2024 will likely recur in the coming decades unless emissions are reduced. The Amazon is the most vulnerable region.

Team studied tsunami-like sea disturbances in Greece from antiquity to now, finding nine of ten cases were meteorological in origin and only one seismic, stressing the importance of multiple discriminants to distinguish meteotsunamis from seismic tsunamis

This guide summarizes global evidence on extreme heat and health, showing rising heat-related illness, death and economic losses, and highlighting Heat-Health Action Plans, surveillance, governance and equitable adaptation as key responses.

This review explores data-driven methods in climate multi-hazard and risk assessment, focusing on four themes: data processing and collection; hazard identification, prediction and analysis; risk assessment; and future risk scenarios under climate change.

This report analyzes the 2026 flash flood in Nepal, finding a massive rock-ice avalanche—not rainfall—triggered the disaster. It advocates multi-hazard monitoring, early warning systems, and transboundary risk management to build Himalayan resilience.

This study provides guidance for public health authorities and event organizers to prevent and manage heat-related illness at mass gatherings, offering risk assessment tools and practical measures for safer, climate-resilient events in diverse contexts.

An interpretable model is one that can be verified, discussed, and challenged. This is the prerequisite for AI to become a legitimate tool in water management.

This study evaluates the sensitivity of wildfire hazard to climate change in Molleturo Parish, Azuay Province, using high-resolution (20 m) spatial simulations with the FlamMap modeling framework.